Listen Live: Supreme Court hears arguments in major Mississippi abortion case

Washington — The future of abortion rights will face its most consequential test in nearly 30 years when the Supreme Court convenes Wednesday to hear a high-stakes showdown that takes aim at nearly five decades of precedent.

At the heart of the dispute before the high court, now with a 6-3 conservative majority, is a Mississippi law that bans abortions after 15 weeks of pregnancy. State officials have used the case, known as Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization, as a vehicle to ask the justices to overturn Roe v. Wade, the landmark 1973 decision that established a constitutional right to an abortion. Pro-abortion rights advocates warn a decision upholding the 2018 law would pave the way for states to ban the procedure entirely.

"There is no middle ground in Dobbs," said Sherif Girgis, a professor at University of Notre Dame Law School who clerked for Justice Samuel Alito. "It's very hard for me to see how the court could uphold the 15-week law without entirely eliminating the constitutional entitlement to elective abortion in Roe and Casey."