India took steps to modernise its military and reduce dependence on Russian arms: U.S. intel official

India in 2023 showcased as global leader, modernizing military to counter China, while Pakistan focuses on nuclear modernization.

“India in 2023 showcased itself as a global leader as it demonstrated a greater willingness to counter China’s activity throughout the Indo-Pacific region and took steps to modernise its military and reduce its dependency on Russian origin-equipment,” the top U.S. intelligence official has told Congress.

The remarks by Lt. Gen. Jeffrey Kruse, Director of the Defence Intelligence Agency, came during a Congressional hearing on defence intelligence countering China. “During the past year, India has showcased itself as a global leader by hosting the Group of 20 economic summit and demonstrated a greater willingness to counter PRC's (People’s Republic of China) activity throughout the Indo-Pacific region,” Mr. Kruse told members of the House Armed Services Committee — the subcommittee on intelligence and special operations.

India, he said, has advanced partnerships in the Indo-Pacific with regional South China Sea claimants, such as the Philippines, through training and defence sales and deepening cooperation with the U.S., Australia, France and Japan.

China claims most of the South China Sea as its own, while The Philippines, Vietnam, Malaysia, Brunei and Taiwan have counterclaims over the maritime area.

“In 2023, India took steps to modernise its military to compete with China and reduce its dependency on Russian-origin equipment. India conducted sea trials for its first domestically produced aircraft carrier and also has negotiated with several Western countries on the transfer of key defence technologies,” Mr. Kruse said.

“India has maintained its neutral stance on Russia’s invasion of Ukraine. Russia remains India’s most substantial defence partner and New Delhi continues to acquire weapons from Moscow, such as the S-400 surface-to-air missile system, despite New Delhi’s desire to diversify its defence acquisition partnerships,” Mr. Kruse said.

“In 2024, New Delhi probably will focus on securing its national Parliamentary elections, maintaining economic growth, and building on its ‘Make in India’ initiative as part of its military modernisation effort, which is aimed at countering Beijing,” he told the lawmakers.