Explained: How West Can Use Russia's Frozen Funds To Support Ukraine

Some international policymakers and lawyers say the immobilised Russian reserves can simply be confiscated under a doctrine of international law known as "countermeasures".

Western officials are edging toward confiscating some of the $300-350 billion worth of frozen Russian financial assets to help support Ukraine, but how it will be done remains highly complex given it would set a contested precedent.

Here are some of the ideas that have been suggested:

Confiscation