热浪侵袭:多国开启“炙烤模式”,未来5年全球气温或飙至历史新高
China Daily
今年6月以来,多国出现极端高温天气,迎创纪录高温,不仅对民众生活生产带来“烤”验,也令科学家们感到担忧。
今年6月以来,多国出现极端高温天气,迎创纪录高温,不仅对民众生活生产带来“烤”验,也令科学家们感到担忧。气象专家指出,人类活动所导致的气候变化和厄尔尼诺现象等因素叠加,导致了今夏的高温天气。随着厄尔尼诺现象卷土重来,极端天气或将更频发。世界气象组织(WMO)预测,未来五年,全球气温可能会飙升至创纪录的水平。
热浪来袭 多国开启“炙烤模式”
Even though summer has only just begun, record heatwaves are already being set. Last week Beijing logged its hottest June day since records began, at 41C. In Texas, a deadly heatwave is entering its third week – a number of records have already been broken across the state, including a blistering 115F (46.1C) reading in Del Rio and 116F (46.6C) in Cotulla. In India, morgues and hospitals became overwhelmed after temperatures hit 45C in some areas – at least 96 people reportedly died from heat-aggravated conditions. 据英国《卫报》27日报道,尽管夏天才刚刚开始,但创纪录的热浪已经来袭。上周,中国北京迎来史上最热六月天,最高气温达41摄氏度。在美国得克萨斯州,致命热浪持续至第三周,该州多地气温纪录被打破,德尔里奥和科图拉分别创下46.1摄氏度、46摄氏度的高温纪录。在印度,一些地区气温最高达到45摄氏度,停尸房和医院人满为患——据报道,至少有96人死于高温。
“Definitely globally we are seeing more heat-related deaths as temperatures rise,” said Dr. Christopher Sampson, an emergency physician at MU Health.密苏里大学健康中心急诊医生克里斯托弗·桑普森表示:“随着气温升高,全球各地肯定会发生更多高温致死案例。”
Being exposed to these high temperatures can cause damage when body temperatures rise to 104 degrees or higher. It can occur as quickly as 30 minutes.在高温环境下,当体温上升到40度以上时,可能会危及健康。这一过程最快可能在30分钟内发生。
People with high blood pressure, people who work or exercise outside, and people over the age of 65 are most at risk. But it can happen to anyone. Health Research Funding found that 70% of heat stroke deaths occur in children younger than age 2.高血压患者、从事户外工作或在户外锻炼的人群以及65岁以上老人面临的风险最大。但高温致死可能发生在任何人身上。健康研究基金发现,70%的中暑死亡发生在2岁以下的儿童中。
科普:中暑的现场处置
高温热浪极易引发中暑,一旦发生中暑,要及时干预、正确处置,否则症状将持续加重,如发展至热射病甚至可能导致死亡。
出现先兆中暑或轻症中暑,要尽快找到阴凉的地方,解开衣领散热。喝一点水,用湿毛巾擦拭身体,并及时休息。
当发现身边有重症中暑病人时,应立即将患者移至阴凉处,平躺在平面上,必要时脱去衣物。如无危及生命的并发症,应在现场想办法尽快降低病人体温,在脖子、腋窝和腹股沟上敷冰袋或湿毛巾等。如有条件可用冷水浸泡的方法对无基础疾病的青壮年快速降温。老人和有基础疾病的患者可向皮肤喷水通过蒸发降温。降温应遵循“先降温,后转运” 的原则,在病人失去意识后的“黄金半小时”内进行。现场处置的同时,拨打120送医。
全球变暖叠加厄尔尼诺现象加剧气温升高