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奥密克戎亚型变异株BA.2:五个你需要知道的问题

奥密克戎亚型变异株BA.2:五个你需要知道的问题

BBC
Friday, February 4, 2022 7:02 AM GMT

被称为“隐形变异株”的奥密克戎BA.2亚型感染病例越来越多,BBC整理五个你可能想知道的问题。

新冠变异病毒奥密克戎(Omicron)传染性强,现在全世界已经有一半的新冠病毒感染病例是奥密克戎。

奥密克戎是新冠病毒的一种变异株,奥密克戎变异株还存在多种亚型,最普遍的是BA.1。

现在许多国家,尤其是在亚洲和欧洲,奥密克戎BA.2亚型的感染病例越来越多。

那么对于这个新崛起的奥密克戎BA.2亚型我们该注意什么呢?BBC整理出以下五个你需要知道的问题。

为何被称为“隐形”变异株?

奥密克戎BA.2亚型也被称为“隐形变异毒株”,因为它没有奥密克戎“标准亚型”BA.1所具备的基因标记,该基因标记能让研究人员确定感染病例是奥密克戎,而不是德尔塔(Delta)毒株。

和其他变异毒株一样,奥密克戎BA.2感染者能够用抗原检测(快筛测试)或PCR检测来确定是否确诊阳性,但是这两项检测无法确认感染病毒是德尔塔或者是奥密克戎BA.2亚型,还需要更多检测才能确定。

和之前的变异病毒相比,奥密克戎BA.2亚型似乎传染力更强,不过没有数据显示病情会更加严重。

BA.2是什么?

当病毒突变产生新的变异株的时候,通常会分裂或开枝散叶成不同的亚型,例如,德尔塔变异株就有高达200种不同的亚型。

奥密克戎变异株也是这样,已经有的亚型包括BA.1、BA.2、BA.3和B.1.1.529。

BA.1是最普遍的亚型,世界卫生组织说,全球共享流感数据倡议组织(GISAID)所收到的病毒DNA当中,将近99%的感染案例被定序为BA.1(截至2022年1月25日)。

去年11月从菲律宾上传到数据库的序列中发现BA.2亚型,但无法确定其原始来源。

BA.2在哪里传播?

世界卫生组织WHO在2月2日说,57个国家已经检测到奥密克戎BA.2亚型。

Read full story on BBC
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